When a child's dopamine and norepinephrine levels are abnormal, they have ADHD. These abnormal levels can be caused by both environmental and biological factors.
Factors that can cause ADHD are: prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke, whether by the mother or surrounding smokers, premature birth, lead poisoning, a mother using drugs and alcohol, malnutrition, low iron or high blood lead in early development stages. If the child has had a serious brain infection or brain trauma, these can be causes as well.
Treating ADHD includes medication to control symptoms. the most widely used medications are methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta), dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), pemoline (Cylert), atomoxetine (Strattera) and Adderall- which is a combination drug. These medications improve the patient's ability to pay attention and focus or concentrate, as well as decrease impulsiveness or hyperactive behavior. These medication should never be used without your doctor's advice, or against it!
Most parents want to know how they can help their child. ADHD children crave structured environments and need to know what is expected of them. Having the teachers, parents and doctors all working toward a common goal will greatly increase the effectiveness of a treatment plan. Talking with and ADHD specialist will also benefit the family. Counseling is also a good partner to medication for a lot of children. The key is to keeping lines of communication with your doctor open and well used.
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